The name for the text of an opera comes from the Italian phrase meaning little book. What is this word?

The term for the text of an opera, often referred to as its script, finds its origins in the Italian language. It is derived from the Italian word "libro," meaning "book," with the diminutive suffix "-etto" added, literally translating to "little book." This etymology perfectly captures the essence of this crucial component of operatic performance, as it is typically a concise text designed to be set to music, rather than a full-length play.

The libretto serves as the narrative backbone of an opera, providing the plot, dialogue, and character interactions that the composer then transforms into song. While the music often takes center stage in an opera, the libretto is equally vital, guiding the dramatic arc and emotional content of the work. The individual responsible for writing the libretto is known as a librettist, a role that requires a unique blend of literary skill and an understanding of the demands of musical theater. Historically, some composers penned their own librettos, but more often, a collaborative partnership between a librettist and a composer would bring an opera to life.

These "little books" are not only essential for the creation of an opera but also for its performance and appreciation. They allow audiences to follow the story, even when sung in a foreign language, and provide a textual basis for directors and performers to interpret the work. The quality of a libretto can significantly impact an opera's success, demonstrating that even a "little book" can hold immense power in the grand world of opera.