There's a Species of Shrimp That Can Break Aquarium Glass

The incredible power of the peacock mantis shrimp isn't just about raw muscle. This vibrant crustacean possesses two raptorial appendages that function like spring-loaded hammers. By engaging an internal latch system, the shrimp builds up enormous tension in its muscles and exoskeleton. When unleashed, these "clubs" accelerate faster than a .22 caliber bullet, reaching speeds over 50 mph in less than three-thousandths of a second. This blistering speed generates enough force to easily shatter the shells of crabs, clams, and other hard-bodied prey.

The physics behind the strike are even more astonishing. The appendage moves so quickly that it boils the water (Review) directly in front of it, creating a tiny air bubble in a process called supercavitation. This bubble immediately collapses with tremendous force, producing a secondary shockwave that generates intense heat and even a flash of light. This means the mantis shrimp's victims are hit twice: first by the physical impact of the club, and a split-second later by the concussive blast of the imploding water bubble.

It is this devastating one-two punch that makes the creature a nightmare for aquarists. A standard glass tank simply cannot withstand the repeated, high-powered impacts. A strike aimed at a snail on the wall can easily result in a cracked or shattered pane. For this reason, these beautiful but aggressive animals must be kept in specialized tanks made of thick, reinforced acrylic. They have earned the nickname "thumb-splitters" among handlers for the serious injuries they can inflict on a careless human hand.