“You can catch a cold from being cold.”

The idea that cold weather directly causes a cold is a deeply ingrained belief, one that has been passed down through generations. This common misconception likely originated in a time before the understanding of germs and viruses, when people observed that illnesses like the common cold became more prevalent during colder months. It was a logical, albeit incorrect, conclusion to assume that the cold itself was the culprit, leading to phrases like "catching a cold." Furthermore, the body's natural response to cold, such as a runny nose or shivers, can mimic early cold symptoms, reinforcing the false connection in people's minds.

However, scientific evidence clearly shows that colds are caused by viruses, not by exposure to low temperatures. Over 200 different viruses can cause a cold, with rhinoviruses being the most common. These viruses spread from person to person through airborne droplets when an infected individual coughs or sneezes, or through direct contact with contaminated surfaces and then touching one's eyes, nose, or mouth. Without the presence of a virus, you cannot get a cold, regardless of how chilly you feel.

While cold temperatures don't directly cause illness, they can create conditions that make us more susceptible to viral infections. For instance, cold air can slightly impair the immune response in the nasal passages, making it easier for viruses to gain a foothold. Some cold viruses also replicate more efficiently in cooler temperatures, like those found inside the nose. Additionally, during colder seasons, people tend to spend more time indoors in close proximity to others, increasing the likelihood of virus transmission in poorly ventilated spaces. Dry air, common in winter and often exacerbated by indoor heating, can also dry out the protective mucous membranes in our respiratory tracts, making them more vulnerable to infection.