Armenia and the US reached a deal in early 2026 for up to $9 billion in exports related to what energy source?

In early 2026, Armenia and the United States finalized a significant agreement signaling a new era of cooperation in the field of nuclear energy. This deal, valued at up to $9 billion, establishes a framework for American companies to export nuclear technology, fuel, and services to Armenia. The substantial sum includes an estimated $5 billion in initial US exports, supplemented by an additional $4 billion in long-term support for fuel and maintenance contracts. This collaboration is particularly focused on the potential deployment of small modular reactors, or SMRs, in Armenia.

Armenia currently relies on its Soviet-era Metsamor Nuclear Power Plant, which has been in operation since 1980 and is operated by Russia's state nuclear corporation Rosatom. While the operational life of the Metsamor plant has been extended until 2036, Armenia has been actively exploring options to modernize its nuclear infrastructure and diversify its energy supply. This strategic move aims to enhance Armenia's energy security and reduce its historical dependence on a single foreign supplier.

The adoption of small modular reactors represents a crucial step in this direction. SMRs offer a more flexible and scalable approach to nuclear power generation compared to traditional large-scale reactors. Their smaller size and modular design can allow for faster construction and deployment, making them an attractive option for countries like Armenia looking to expand their clean energy portfolio. This agreement, known as a "123 Agreement," paves the way for American expertise and technology to contribute to Armenia's future energy landscape, offering a path toward greater energy independence and sustainable development.