BONUS: The word ghetto first appeared in 1516; it meant foundry, the section of the city where many Jewish people lived. In which city did the word "ghetto" originate?

The term's origins trace back to a specific neighborhood in early 16th-century Venice. In 1516, the Venetian Republic decreed that the city's Jewish population must live in a single, segregated district. The chosen (Review) area had previously been the site of a municipal copper foundry, known in the Venetian dialect as a *geto* (pronounced with a soft 'g', like 'jet-o'). The district became known as the Ghetto Nuovo, or "New Foundry," and the name soon became synonymous with the compulsory Jewish quarter itself.

This Venetian Ghetto was the first legally mandated and enclosed Jewish quarter in Europe, with gates that were locked at night and guarded by Christians. As other European cities later adopted the practice of segregating their Jewish populations, they also adopted the Venetian term. Over the centuries, the word's meaning evolved from this specific, historical location. It eventually became a general term for any urban area, often impoverished and socially isolated, where a particular minority or ethnic group is concentrated.