This Pacific island group, populated by Polynesians as early as 1000 B.C. was first sighted by European explorers in 1722, and since 1899 has been administered by the United States. The capital is Pago Pago. What is it?

This Pacific island group, known as American Samoa, perfectly fits the description. The islands were indeed settled by Polynesians as early as 1000 B.C.. European explorers first sighted the Samoan Islands in 1722, with Dutch explorer Jacob Roggeveen being the first recorded to do so.

Since 1899 (Review), American Samoa has been administered by the United States. This came about through the Tripartite Convention of 1899, which divided the Samoan archipelago, with the eastern islands becoming a U.S. territory. The capital of this U.S. territory is Pago Pago, located on the main island of Tutuila, and is renowned for its deep natural harbor.

It's important to distinguish American Samoa from the independent nation of Samoa (formerly Western Samoa). While both share a rich Polynesian heritage and culture, their political paths diverged significantly due to colonial histories. Independent Samoa gained its sovereignty from New Zealand in 1962, whereas American Samoa remains an unincorporated U.S. territory, with residents being U.S. nationals rather than citizens. This unique status has led to a blend of traditional Samoan customs with an observable American influence, including the use of U.S. currency and a strong interest in American sports like football.