What country began deep-sea mining trials near Minamitori Island in February 2026 despite scientific warnings?

In February 2026, Japan initiated deep-sea mining trials near Minamitori Island, a remote coral (Deals) atoll located within its exclusive economic zone. The scientific drilling vessel Chikyu embarked on a mission to extract rare-earth-rich mud from depths of approximately 6,000 meters, marking a significant step in the nation's ambitious plan to secure critical mineral resources. These elements, including dysprosium and neodymium, are vital for a wide array of modern technologies, from electric vehicles and wind turbines to smartphones and defense systems.

The primary driver behind this endeavor is Japan's strategic objective to lessen its considerable reliance on China for rare earth supplies. Discoveries around Minamitori Island have indicated vast deposits, potentially enough to satisfy global demand for hundreds of years for some elements. However, this pursuit of mineral independence has proceeded despite strong opposition and stark warnings from environmental and scientific communities worldwide.

Scientists and environmental groups have expressed profound concerns about the potential for irreversible damage to fragile deep-sea ecosystems. The impacts of deep-sea mining, such as sediment plumes, noise and light pollution, and direct habitat destruction, are largely unknown but are feared to have long-lasting, detrimental effects on marine life and the delicate balance of abyssal environments. Critics argue that the technology is being deployed before a comprehensive understanding of its ecological consequences can be achieved.