This English woman organized the hospital and nursing services during the Crimean War, in 1854, and later became known as the originator of modern nursing techniques. What was her name?

During the Crimean War, reports reaching Britain detailed the horrific conditions of the military hospital in Scutari, where more soldiers were dying from disease than from their wounds (Review). In response, Florence Nightingale arrived with a team of nurses in late 1854 and was met with unsanitary and chaotic circumstances. She quickly implemented revolutionary changes, focusing on hygiene, nutrition, and organization. By establishing clean laundry protocols, improving sanitation, and providing better food, she and her team dramatically reduced the hospital's mortality rate. Her tireless dedication to the soldiers' welfare, which included making rounds at night to check on them, earned her the enduring nickname, "The Lady with the Lamp".

Nightingale's work in the Crimea laid the foundation (Review) for her most significant contribution: the creation of modern nursing. She understood that proper training was essential and, in 1860, used funds raised in her honor to establish the Nightingale Training School at St Thomas' Hospital in London, the first secular nursing school in the world. This institution professionalized the role of a nurse, transforming it into a respected career for women. A pioneering statistician, she used data to prove the connection between sanitation and health, and her evidence-based approach became a cornerstone of modern healthcare practices. Her efforts fundamentally reformed hospital care and established the standards for nursing as we know it today.