What king of Mesopotamia, who lived from 1792-1750 BC, put the laws of his country into a formal code?

During the Old Babylonian Era, a powerful king named Hammurabi ruled Mesopotamia from approximately 1792 to 1750 BC. As the sixth king of Babylon, he significantly expanded his empire through military conquests and strategic alliances, eventually uniting much of Mesopotamia under his rule. Beyond his military prowess, Hammurabi is most renowned for his monumental achievement in legal reform: the compilation of a comprehensive and formal code of laws for his country.

This extensive collection of 282 laws, known today as the Code of Hammurabi, was inscribed on a large stone monument, or stele, and publicly displayed for all to see. It addressed a vast array of aspects of daily life, including property rights, trade, family matters, and criminal justice, offering a unique glimpse into the social structure and values of ancient Babylonian society. A notable feature of the code was its principle of retributive justice, famously summarized as "an eye for an eye (Review), a tooth for a tooth," though punishments often varied depending on the social status of those involved.

The Code of Hammurabi stands as one of the earliest and best-preserved legal texts from the ancient Near East, having influenced legal thought and practice for centuries. Its creation marked a pivotal moment in the development of law, establishing a clear and public set of rules that aimed to bring order and justice to Hammurabi's diverse empire and setting a precedent for later legal systems. The original stele, an invaluable artifact, is now preserved and displayed in the Louvre Museum in Paris.